Gallbladder Surgery

In order to prevent complications after biliary surgery, it is necessary to follow nutrition and a biliary diet after gallbladder surgery. Diet lists prepared by a dietitian prevents nutritional deficiencies. If you have any questions, you can write them as a comment at the bottom of the article.

What is Gallbladder Surgery?

The gallbladder is a sac-shaped organ located on the upper side of the abdominal region, attached to the lower surface of the liver and resembling a pear. The gallbladder is composed of water, bile salt, bile pigment, cholesterol, organic salt, fatty acids, and lecithin; It is responsible for storing bile produced on the liver side. Bile is a body fluid that is responsible for the digestion, absorption of fats, and the removal of certain waste substances from the body in the blood. The gallbladder stores bile, a yellow-green liquid, concentrates it, and empties it into the digestive tract. The gallbladder usually accumulates bile in case of hunger; in case of digestion, it empties bile into the intestine as a result of the contraction of the bladder.

The presence of substances that make up bile in a certain proportion and balance ensures that these substances are dissolved in the bile. If this ratio is disturbed in the concentrated stage of the gallbladder, the substances contained in the bile form precipitates. As a result of the growth of these deposits in the gallbladder, gallstones occur. Currently, the risk of developing gallstones is also increased. The risk of developing gallstones in women aged 20-60 years is 3 Dec higher than in men. Obesity, genetic factors, age factors, and frequent childbirth are among the factors that cause gallstones’ formation.

The operation to remove the gallbladder is called cholecystectomy, and the formation of gallstones most often causes this operation. But in cases such as inflammation of the gallbladder, known as cholecystitis, and gallbladder cancer, this surgery can also be performed for the purpose of treatment. In case of removal of the gallbladder, the bile duct performs the task of storing bile. In the last 30 years, cholecystectomy surgery has spread rapidly and has become an easy and effective treatment method.

Although the data are not clear, they are expressed in studies where an average of 40,000-60,000 cholecystectomy surgeries are performed per year in Turkey. Cholecystectomy surgery is performed with two different techniques, open (classical) and closed (laparoscopic). Doctors say that closed cholecystectomy surgery is more comfortable and painless for patients. So, what should we pay attention to when applying nutrition and bile diet after gallbladder surgery.

What Should Be Considered in the Diet After Gallbladder Surgery?

Complaints such as nausea and vomiting may occur in the gastrointestinal tract after surgery. During these periods, oral or enteral nutrition may be used to prevent nutrient and mineral deficiencies in patients. For the formation of gallstones not to recur and complications not to develop after cholecystectomy surgery, it is necessary to follow the nutrition, that is, the bile diet plan, after gallbladder surgery. It is important that a dietitian prepares the diet so that nutritional deficiencies are not observed in patients receiving gallbladder. After the operation, oral nutrition is not started until the bowel sounds are in place and the patient releases gas. Then, according to the patient’s condition, oral (oral) or enteral nutrition therapy is performed.

Nutrition in patients receiving gall bladder is improved gradually. After surgery, it should be avoided from the types of foods that should not be consumed for a while, and fatty foods should not be consumed. In the first three months after the removal of the gallbladder, a diet called the “ulcer diet No. 3” can be applied. Then, when applying the bile diet, foods other than the list and fatty foods should be gradually added to the diet. Fiber source foods should also be preferred so that diarrhea does not occur after surgery. Fresh vegetables and fruits can be consumed as a source of pulp nutrients. It is important for the patient’s quality of life that the bile diet list prepared by the dietitian according to age, gender, height, and weight is sustainable.

What Should Not Be Eaten And Drunk In the Diet After Gallbladder Surgery?

After gallbladder surgery, the following food groups should be avoided in the diet or when applying a bile diet.

Fried eggs in oil, varieties of very fatty cheeses, varieties of meat, chicken, and fish
Offal, such as liver, brain, kidney, and chicken skin
Fatty nuts such as hazelnuts, peanuts, walnuts, and almonds
Deli products such as salami, sausage, sausage, and bacon
All fatty foods, roasts, and roasts
Cream, cream, tahini, tahini halva, chocolate, chips, flavored crackers, and biscuits
Pastries such as fatty porridges, pies, cakes, and pies
Vegetables such as cabbage, radish, broccoli, cauliflower, celery, which have gas-making properties; types of legumes such as lentils, chickpeas, and dried beans
Foods that contain eggs and eggs (The tolerance of the egg in the body may vary from person to person. Which is why the person should also determine its consumption.)
Spices such as ground pepper, black pepper, cumin
Pickled foods, pickles, vinegar, condiments, broth, mustard, garlic, fenugreek, lemon salt
Acidic drinks such as dark tea and coffee, lemonade, boza, Nescafe, milk with cocoa, alcoholic beverages, mineral water, soda, instant juices, cola, and soda
Ready-made soups, soups with the addition of broth or chicken broth, spicy soups, soups with dried legumes.

Nutrients That Are Released After Gallbladder Surgery

The following food groups should be preferred in the diet after gallbladder surgery or when applying a bile diet.

Drinks such as open tea, salep, linden, island tea, buttermilk
Milk, fat-free feta cheese, and yogurt
Sources of cereals such as white bread, plain crackers, pasta, noodles, couscous, semolina, noodles, and rice
Of the varieties of spices, cinnamon, mint, and thyme
Bananas, apples, peaches, apricots, seedless grapes, cherries raw and without peel
Molasses, honey, jam, rice pudding, chicken breast, and custard
Tomato soup, filtered vegetable soups, soups with added noodles or rice, highland soup, and painless tarhana soup

How is the Bile Diet Applied After Gallbladder Surgery?

After surgery, the patient or the companion who prepares the patient’s meals should be well informed about the diet, that is, the bile diet. Prohibited foods that should not be consumed should be well known, and attention should be paid to the conditions of preparation of nutrients. Foods that can cause symptoms and digestive problems should be avoided, and a person should know about these foods. The list of bile diets to be applied should be prepared in accordance with the person’s age, gender, height, and weight values, and the person’s health conditions should be taken into account.

One of the first goals at the stage of treatment should be for a person to reach his ideal body weight. In order for the metabolism to work properly and its rate to not slow down, enough calories should be taken into the body through nutrients. 45-55% of daily calories are carbohydrates; 12-15% can consist of protein and 20-25% fat source foods. In order for diet therapy to give the right result and not adversely affect a person’s health, the nutrition scheme after gallbladder surgery should be prepared by a dietitian and december at certain intervals.

Nutritional Recommendations

Below you will find the basic nutritional recommendations for nutrition and bile diet after gallbladder surgery.

3 Main meals a day should be done without fail; care should also be taken to consume 2-3 dec meals.
There may be intervals of 2.5-3 hours between meals. Decembers are allowed.
Attention should be paid to food portions, and prohibited foods should not be consumed.
As a drink, foods that will not disturb the stomach, such as light tea, linden, and island tea, should be preferred; acidic drinks and dark tea coffee should be avoided.
Vegetables and legumes that can cause swelling and gas in the stomach should not be preferred.
All kinds of packaged and processed products should be avoided.
Eggs, which are among the most important dec to be considered, can be preferred according to the patient’s tolerance. Some patients may start adding the egg to their diet 3 months after surgery because they can digest the egg more easily; after 1.5-2 years, the egg may be completely included in the nutrition plan.